Reply:

(a) The table below provides details on the costs of damage at affected universities as a result of student protests. Reported incidents of campus unrest are for the period October 2015 - January 2016:

Institution	Estimated cost of damage
University of Stellenbosch	R352 000.00
North West University	R612 000.00
University of Limpopo	R1 786 294.52
University of Johannesburg	R345 000.00
University of the Western Cape	R46 544 446.00
Walter Sisulu University	R351 287.19
Tshwane University of Technology	R5 073 747.73
University of KwaZulu-Natal	R82 000 000.00
Cape Peninsula University of Technology	R689 850.14
University of Cape Town	R1 415 693.14
University of Zululand	R4 500 000.00
Rhodes University	R250 000.00
University of Witwatersrand	R1 410 223.00
Total	R145 330 541.72

There following universities submitted damage reports, but did not provide estimates on the costs of damage:

• University of South Africa;
• Central University of Technology;
• Durban University of Technology; and
• University of Fort Hare.

The following universities reported no incidents of damage on their campuses:

• University of the Free State;
• University of Pretoria;
• Vaal University of Technology;
• Mangosuthu University of Technology;
• University of Venda; and
• Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University.

(b) The cost of damages will be paid or recovered either through insurance claims or directly from a university’s operational budget.

 

 

Compiler/contact persons:

Ext:

DIRECTOR – GENERAL

STATUS:

DATE:

REPLY TO QUESTION 335 APPROVED/NOT APPROVED/AMENDED

Dr BE NZIMANDE, MP

MINISTER OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND TRAINING

STATUS:

DATE:

Reply:

1. No  (i) Falls away   (ii) Falls away
2. No  (i) Falls away   (ii) Falls away
3. No  (i) Falls away   (ii) Falls away

 

Approved/not approved

Mr MJ Zwane, MP

Minister of Mineral Resources

Date Submitted:-………………/………………/2016

Reply:

I am informed by the Public Investment Corporation (PIC) that:

(1)(a), (b) and (c) The Public Investment Corporation (PIC) was not consulted about; did not enter into, and did not advice on any financial transaction that involves any of the entities mentioned in the question, as the PIC was not approached by any of these entities.

(2) The PIC did not play any role in the Optimum Coal Holdings Limited transaction.

Reply:

Disposal

a) No

b) No

Government had the necessary expertise to dispose of the shareholding in line with its intended strategy without requiring the services of either consultants or financial intermediaries. In order to implement the package of support announced by Cabinet in September 2014, the National Treasury engaged in a market sounding between 1 and 2 October 2014. Financial institutions and primarily banks were invited to present their ideas around strategies for funding the allocation to Eskom through the sale of non-strategic government assets. Approximately 20 institutions presented a range of possible strategies for executing the disposal as well as providing indicative pricing. These possible strategies, along with other options identified independently by government, were all extensively analysed before deciding on the most appropriate approach to be adopted by government. However, no advisors were appointed and no costs were incurred in this regard.

Settlement

As a result of the PIC being a financial services provider, registered with the Financial Services board, government was required to appoint a broker to establish a brokerage account through which settlement would be effected.

a) No

b) Yes.

(i) Based on a closed Request for Proposal (RFP) issued on 10 July 2015, the National Treasury in cooperation with the Department of Telecommunications and Postal Services (DTPS) appointed Rand Merchant Bank (RMB) as government’s broker.

(ii) RMB did not charge government for their brokerage services, but government was responsible for all regulatory costs.

Reply:

a) (i)- (iv) The SABC paid a total of R543 873 573.26 to collect television license fees.

b) For the same period, the SABC generated a total revenue of R3 647 764 688.63 from the collection of television fees.

 

 

MR NN MUNZHELELE

DIRECTOR GENERAL [ACTING]

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE:

MS AF MUTHAMBI (MP)

MINISTER OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE

Reply:

The Department has not awarded any contract to companies directly or indirectly owned by the said persons.

 

 

 

MR NN MUNZHELELE

DIRECTOR GENERAL [ACTING]

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE:

MS AF MUTHAMBI (MP)

MINISTER OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE

Reply:

(a) Percentage of the total procurement of the Department of Environmental Affairs:

(i) SMMEs = 84% (Annual target is 65%)

(ii) co-operatives = 0%

(b) Percentage of the total procurement of the South African National Parks (SANParks):

(i) SMMEs = 46%

(ii) co-operatives = 0%

Percentage of the total procurement of the South African Weather Service (SAWS):

(i) SMMEs = 35%

(ii) co-operatives = 0%

Percentage of the total procurement of the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI):

1. SMMEs = 29%

(ii) co-operatives = 0%

Percentage of the total procurement of iSimangaliso

(i) SMMEs = 31%

(ii) co-operatives = 0%

Percentage of the total procurement of Green Fund

(i) SMMEs = 100% (5 SMMEs for a total budget of R421.642,51 – for catering, marketing and stationery)

(ii) co-operatives = 0%

---ooOoo---

Reply:

My department and its entities are performing well above the target of 30% in terms of procuring goods and services from Small, Medium and Micro-sized Enterprises (SMMEs).

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Reply:

There is no decrease in the number of monitored gauging sites. My Department’s annual reports for financial years 2013-14 and 2014-15 indicate that we monitored 1458 sites for the 2013-14 financial year and 1641 sites for 2014-15 financial year.

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Reply:

The Department of Energy (DOE) IPP office takes the lead in the domestic IPP strategy, including the sourcing and contracting component of these arrangements. This strategy is driven by the Integrated Resource Plan (IRP). The DOE bidding process for the coal base load IPPs is still in progress.

Once the participants are selected by DOE, the time lines are such that this programme will not affect Eskom’s financial position in the next 5 years. When the decisions have been made, there will be clarity on energy prices from these IPPs as well as the cost of connecting them which will be budgeted for accordingly.

Reply:

(1)(a) The Cederberg Municipality has been appointed as the implementing agency for the Elands Bay Infrastructure Improvement Project.

(1)(b) The Cederberg Municipality submits monthly progress on project deliverables; Expenditure per budget item and EPWP employment details

(2)(a) Yes.

(2)(b) Yes.

The Cederberg Municipality is a public entity and the EPWP makes provision for the appointment of public entities and municipalities and other organs of government as implementing agencies.

(3)(a) Monies for the employment of the military veterans were allocated from Expanded Public Works Programme/Working for Fisheries Programme.

(3)(b)(i) The management of the Marine Anti-poaching Project (MAPP) Marine Anti-poaching projects was included as an additional deliverable.

(ii) Twelve Million and Five Hundred Thousand Rand (R12 500 000) was allocated to the Marine Anti-poaching project.

Reply:

(a) The percentage of the total procurement in the DoC is:

(i) 57.98%

(ii) 0%

(b) GCIS

(i) 64.76

(ii) 0%

SABC

(i) 12%

(ii) 0%

MDDA

(i) 100%

(ii) 0%

Brand SA

(i) 22%

(ii) 0%

ICASA

(i) 40%

(ii) 0%

FPB

(i) 81.4%

(ii) 0%   

 

 

MR NN MUNZHELELE

DIRECTOR GENERAL [ACTING]

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE:

MS AF MUTHAMBI (MP)

MINISTER OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE

Reply:

1. In the First Edition of the National Water Resource Strategy (NWRS1) of 2004 the total volume of water available from the river systems in South Africa on a reliable basis for 2025 was estimated at 14 166 million m3/a.
2. The total water requirements for 2025 base and high scenario was estimated at 14 230 million m3/a and 16 814 million m3/a respectively. The amount of water that could potentially be available for development in the year 2025 was estimated at 5 410 million m3/a. This surplus amount is however only available in some catchments throughout the country. This analysis was done considering a projected population of 54 million and economic growth trends at the time.

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Reply:

1(a) The Agreement between DAFF and the Department of Defence and Military Veterans does not deal with the employment of the Military Veterans by DAFF. It was therefore decided to create a separate Deliverable in the existing Cederberg Fishing Infrastructure Development and Management Project for the deployment of Military Veterans under the Marine Anti-poaching Project.

1(b)(i) The Memorandum of Agreement between the Cederberg Municipality and DAFF makes provision for employment of Military Veterans as separate Deliverable (Annexure D of MOA).

1(b)(ii) The Business Plan deals in the main with the Cederberg Fishing Infrastructure Development and Management Project but also includes Military Veterans as a separate Deliverable.

2(a) The amount allocated to the Marine Anti-poaching component of the Cederberg Fishing Infrastructure Development and Management Project comes from the Working for Fisheries Programme: Expanded Public Works Programme is Twelve Million Five Hundred Thousand Rand (R 12 500 000).

2(b) EPWP criteria and conditions were attached to the funding of the project.

2(c) (i) Twelve Million Five Hundred Thousand Rand (R 12 500 000).

2(ii) Twenty (20) months, commencing January 2014.

2(d) The Agreement between DAFF and Department of Defence and Military Veterans guided the selection of the military veterans.

3(a) Forty-one (41) veterans are employed.

3(b) The amount paid varies depending on the number of days worked as per the EPWP guidelines.

Reply:

Currently, the department’s above-the-line advertising campaigns are placed through the Government Communication and Information System (GCIS), in compliance with the Cabinet decision of 8 June 2011.

GCIS uses an independent tool to assist in determining the best mediums to procure from any specific media campaign request. The mediums chosen are based on the Telmar software tools which give guidance on the best option to propose to a department that is making the request. This tool is supported by Independent media research analysis based on South African Advertising Research Foundation, TAMS and RAMS complemented by Audit Bureau of circulation data.

From the time the GCIS brought the in-house media buying, it has reaped considerable savings and discounts for Government.

Although the question asks for advertising costs incurred from financial years 2012 to 2015, advertising is a standard line item in each department’s / entity’s budget, which is approved by Parliament annually.

Government departments and their entities account for expenditure by tabling annual reports every year, and this document, inclusive of this line item (i.e. Advertising) are audited by the Auditor-General, who makes recommendations on any findings. Annual Reports are widely available to the public.

---ooOoo---

Reply:

The Department of Public Enterprises awarded contracts to The New Age (TNA) as follows:

a) 2012-13: No award

b) 2013-14: One award for R153 900.00 for an advertisement placed in The New Age

c) 2014-15: One award for R213 921.00 for a business briefing session which we hosted and that I addressed on the 24 April 2014

 

Reply:

(a) The water supply systems that were assessed in 2014-15 financial year were totaling at 842 waste water collector and treatment systems and the results have been published in the 2014 Green Drop Report. This information is also available on my Departmental website at www.dws.gov.za/Dir_WS/GDS/News/NewsDefault.aspx

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Reply:

(1) Various censors are currently being installed on some parts of the perimeter fence to ensure early warning. The detail of such is classified;

(2) (a) (i) and (ii) and (b) No, the employees in question are part of the Bargaining Unit and therefore do not receive bonuses. However they receive 13th cheques as part of their annual remuneration packages. They received their 13th cheques for 2013-14 and 2014-15 financial years; and

(3) when one talks about “local communities” it is important to remember that the Kruger National Park perimeter is heterogeneous both in terms of land use as well as human densities, socio- economics and context. The Kruger National Park perimeter is over 1000 km long (1017km), approximately half of which is in South Africa. Sixty one percent of the boundary is bordered by conservation related land use (the remaining being agriculture, rural and urban settlements and a small amount of industry). On the South African side the park straddles two provinces (that is, Limpopo and Mpumalanga), three district municipalities and seven local municipalities. There are 37 Traditional Councils representing approximately 240 villages and towns in close proximity to the fence, comprising around 1 million people.

3.1 The 1.5 million tourists that visit the Kruger National Park annually contribute towards approximately 80% of the park’s operating budget, paying for the bulk of salaries of the 2243 staff, 90% of whom come from the villages and towns adjacent to it. Many of the staff is employed within the tourism sector. Although not employed directly by the Kruger National Park, over 12 000 conservation related jobs within the greater Kruger National Park are the direct result of employment through the Expanded Public Works Programme. The concessionaires operate in the park as well as in the adjacent private, communal and provincial reserves most of which focus on the high end tourism market.

3.2 Funding obtained from tourism contributes towards the implementation of various initiatives aimed at local capacity building through education and outreach, reaching on average 80 000 learners annually, most of which are from local schools.

3.3 In addition, tourists contribute directly to community development projects in areas adjacent to the Kruger National Park through a tourism fund of 1% that is ring fenced for community projects. To date this has been used for funding of local school infrastructure development including a state of the art school administration facility, a well-stocked computer centre and early childhood development play equipment.

3.4 Several small scale enterprise development initiatives enable local entrepreneurs to access the tourism market through various channels including five locally owned and run arts and crafts outlets (collectively turning over R3.1 million annually), community owned car wash facilities at major camps, community owned kiosks at day visitors picnic sites and local catering service providers for events (turns R328 289 annually). The community owned Park n Ride game drive business turns over approximately R250 000 annually.

3.5 The Kruger National Park contractor development programme builds capacity of local building contractors through both formal and practical training sessions, using the local contractors for new buildings and the maintenance of the existing tourism and other infrastructure facilities. To date the programme has successfully trained 29 contractors who have in turn employed 360 staff, and have collectively contributed towards an infrastructure spend on Small Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) of R628 million since 2006.

3.6 Focusing on high end five star tourism, the concessionaires in the Kruger National Park partner with the South African National Parks (SANParks) in community development, through using on average 200 local SMMEs for various service provision through the year, amounting to over R6 million annually in recent years.

3.7 In cases where land restitution has taken place inside the Kruger National Park, relevant communities work with private partners to unlock additional benefits from tourism operations such as Nkambeni in the south of the park as well as Makuleke in the north with community land owners receiving preferential employment and business opportunities, as well as both rent and concessionaire fees based on turn over.

---ooOoo---

Reply:

(a)(i) 16 814

(a)(ii) 1345

(b)(i) 3282 are unskilled workers; 5069 workers are semi-skilled; 6258 workers are skilled; and 2205 workers are supervisory and/or management.

(b)(ii) 0 unskilled workers; 0 semi-skilled workers; 1087 skilled workers; and 258 workers are supervisory and or management.

Reply:

(a)   Multiplex 3 network does not belong to ICASA. ICASA regulates and facilitates the deployment of Multiplex 3 network as prescribed in the approved digital terrestrial television (DTT) Regulations and Terrestrial Broadcasting Frequency Plan of 2013.

(b)  The capacity of Mux 3 is earmarked for a new subscription television licensees and a new Free-To-Air (FTA) licensee with an allocation capacity of 45% and 55%, respectively. Licensing processes in respect of 45% capacity for subscription broadcasting service is currently underway. The licensee will select a signal distributor build the Mux 3 network. The selected signal distributor is expected to also distribute the 55% Mux 3 capacity that would be assigned by the Authority pursuant to finalisation of a process to license additional FTA licensee through a commercial arrangement and without prejudice.

 

 

MR NN MUNZHELELE

DIRECTOR GENERAL [ACTING]

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE:

MS AF MUTHAMBI (MP)

MINISTER OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE

Reply:

1. Yes, investigations were conducted most recently on 04 February 2016 to determine the extent of lack of water in Jourbertina, Koukamma Eastern Cape.

(1)(a) It was discovered that the dam level is critically low at 0,5m, the storage enough to last for a day or two.

(1)(a)(i) The gravity pipeline from Joubertina to the Water Treatment Plant is exposed due to flooding.

(1)(a)(ii) The pipeline has to be relocated and other sections have several leaks and have to be repaired/ upgraded.

(1)(b) Funding was made available by my Department to relocate the exposed pipeline including plugging the leaks, Amatola Water has been appointed and is already onsite.

(1)(b)(i) This part of the project should be completed by end March 2016.

(1)(b)(ii) Further repairs to the system will be funded through Accelerated Community Infrastructure Programme (ACIP).

My Department has been involved in Koukamma Local Municipality (LM) since 2014/15 where a community water supply project was implemented to do research on existing water use within the Koukamma area, research on surface water resources within the Koukamma area, investigate raw water storage at Krakeel and investigate the condition of the Kareedouw Water Treatment Works (WTW) and on the groundwater resources within the Krakeel and Kareedouw area.

Based on the outcomes of the research done, the Water Treatment Works (WTW's) of Kareedouw was refurbished since it was basically non-functional. Several boreholes were drilled and equipped, chemical analysis of the water was done and electricity had to be provided where boreholes were drilled. Meters were also installed.

Water Conservation Demand Management (WCDM) Project was also implemented to develop a WCDM strategy. Water Safety Plans were prepared for each of the 11 water supply systems, retrofit Programme (Toilet Retrofit Project) was implemented, awareness and education program was implemented at schools, a water meter and leak audit was done for each and every town in Koukamma LM as well as water balances, marketing and publicity was done through posters, entrance town billboards, pamphlets and information.

2. Yes, my Department is providing assistance to the municipality in the following.

• A 18 000L tanker was sent to Joubertina and has been operational during
  February 2016.
• 200 X 25L of clean water was also sent to Jourbertina on
  1 February 2016
• Amatola Water has been appointed to replace and relocate a section of the exposed bulk pipeline to the town. Leaks will also be detected and repaired. The project is currently under construction.

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Reply:

(a) The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) has been appointed to develop a dam basin management strategy for my Departmental dams, which will inform on where dredging and/or other operative methods could be employed to address the siltation phenomenon. Hazelmere Dam and the Welbedacht Dam are some of the dams subjected to the study which will inform this strategy and subsequent operational strategy development.

(b) The time lines and costs for each siltation management operations plan will be informed by the output of the CSIR project.

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Reply:

Firstly, I wish to inform the Honourable Member that in terms of section 181 (5) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, the State Institutions supporting Constitutional Democracy, including the South African Human Rights Commission, are accountable to the National Assembly, and must report on their activities and the performance of their functions to the Assembly at least once a year.

Therefore, the South African Human Rights Commission does not report to the Ministry of Justice and Correctional Services, but directly to Parliament.

However, because of the well-established working relationship between the South African Human Rights Commission and the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, the South African Human Rights Commission has reported as follows regarding the questions raised by the Honourable Member:

Kindly find attached hereto, a consolidated compilation of data, sourced from the South African Human Rights Commission’s (the Commission) nine provincial offices in response to the Parliamentary Question:

(a) Complaints laid against the President in the period from 1 January 2015 up to and including 31 January 2016;

(b) An indication of which of the above matters were finalised, rejected, referred or pending (in terms of the Commission’s Complaints Handling Procedures; and

(c) An indication of the different categories of complaints against the Government.

Due to the large volume of information sought, the data appears in its raw format. However, the SA Human Rights Commission has indicated that should a consolidated report of statistics and the generation of graphs be necessary, the Commission would require additional time in that regard.

Such a consolidated Report has been requested and will be submitted once received.

 

Reply:

Yes the MDDA has over the years published in its annual report details on all projects that have been funded from the Print and Digital Media South Africa (PDMSA) funding and these reports have been made available to the PDMSA, which has a representative in the MDDA Board.

a) The details included the name of the project; whether it is a magazine or newspaper; the district municipality; the province; the language of the publication; the nature of funding allocated - e.g printing, distribution, operational costs etc; and the grant amount allocated.

b) The print media can monitor the funding allocated by reviewing the Grant in Aid Agreements signed with individual projects, reviewing MDDA Monitoring and Evaluation reports, requesting copies of the publications and reviewing annual reports.

c) Yes, the MDDA is in a process of meeting all the print funders, and finalising commissioning an impact assessment study, which will be shared with the investors including the Government.

 

 

MR NN MUNZHELELE

DIRECTOR GENERAL [ACTING]

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE:

MS AF MUTHAMBI (MP)

MINISTER OF COMMUNICATIONS

DATE

Reply:

(1)(a) Sekhukhune: has not yet benefited from De Hoop Dam. The Pump station and water treatment plant at the Steel Bridge as well as the main pipeline that will provide water to Jane Furse is the responsibility of the Sekhukhune District Municipality.

(1)(b) Waterberg: has not yet benefited from De Hoop Dam. Communities in the Waterberg area will only be able to receive water from the system once the Phase 2B pipeline and the extension of the pipeline from Pruissen to Sekuruwe has been installed. This pipeline is not yet constructed. This pipeline is largely commercial, and is highly contested by the Mining House. Discussions with the Mining House are now at a high level.

(1)(c) Capricorn: The communities in the Capricorn district municipal area are currently receiving water from the Olifantspoort water treatment plant which is fed from the Flag Boshielo Dam. As soon as Phase 2D, 2E and 2F are completed, water will be delivered at the Olifantspoort treatment plant from the De Hoop Dam. The current shortages of water in that area will then also be augmented through these pipelines. These phases have not yet been constructed. The project is currently at design phase.

(2)(a) Phase 2C (pipeline from De Hoop Dam to Steelpoort) is under construction and is nearing completion. Phase 2B a pipeline between Flag Boshielo and Pruissen must still be constructed to provide water to platinum mines in the Pruissen area. In order for Phase 2C infrastructure to integrate the Olifants and Steelpoort system with the remaining sub-phases, there is a need to construct the remaining sub-phases (Phase 2D, E and F).

(2)(b) Although Phase 2C pipeline for bulk raw water is projected to be finished by July 2016, for the water to reach the people other works need to be completed by the municipality. The Department will commence with the construction of Phase 2 (bulk distribution system, phase 2D, E and F) in the 2016/17 financial year. The Department is in the process of engaging the municipalities involved in order to assist with the acceleration of reticulation so that the process can run parallel with bulk distribution. It must be noted that the pipelines will not be able to supply water to the villages if the three Water Treatment Plants in the area are not refurbished/ rehabilitated.

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Reply:

(1) Current capital cost estimate of the project to augment Mangaung and surrounding areas' water supply from Gariep Dam is in excess of R 7 billion.

(2) A Feasibility study will have to be done to confirm the preferred option to obtain water from the Gariep Dam. This is the only part that has been funded as yet and the funding model of the rest of the project will be confirmed as part of the work done during the Feasibility study. Options to be considered will include project finances both on-budget and off-budget..

(3) The fast-tracked implementation programme, consisting of a Feasibility Study, Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process, and Design and Construction phases, will take 5.5 years to completion. The Feasibility Study will be finalised over an eighteen (18) months period before design and construction can start. Construction is expected to start during financial year 2018/19 with completion during the 2022/23 financial year.

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Reply:

Firstly, I wish to inform the Honourable Member that in terms of section 181 (5) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, the State Institutions supporting Constitutional Democracy, including the South African Human Rights Commission, are accountable to the National Assembly, and must report on their activities and the performance of their functions to the Assembly at least once a year.

Therefore, the South African Human Rights Commission does not report to the Ministry of Justice and Correctional Services, but directly to Parliament.

However, because of the well-established working relationship between the South African Human Rights Commission and the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, the South African Human Rights Commission has reported as follows regarding the questions raised by the Honourable Member:

Kindly find attached hereto, a consolidated compilation of data, sourced from the South African Human Rights Commission’s (the Commission) nine provincial offices in response to the Parliamentary Question:

(a) List of complaints laid altogether and against the Government, government departments and any government body from 1 January 2015 up to and including 31 January 2016;

(b) An indication of which of the above matters were finalised, rejected, referred or pending (in terms of the Commission’s Complaints Handling Procedures); and

(c) An indication of the different categories of complaints against the Government.

Due to the large volume of information sought, the data appears in its raw format. However, the SA Human Rights Commission has indicated that should a consolidated report of statistics and the generation of graphs be necessary, the Commission would require additional time in that regard.

Such a consolidated Report has been requested and will be submitted once received.

 

Reply:

1.1 The Protected Disclosures Act, 2000 (“the Act”), aims to protect employees from being subjected to occupational detriment on account of having made protected disclosures. The Act also establishes procedures in terms of which employees may disclose information regarding workplace improprieties. The Protected Disclosures Amendment Bill, 2015 (“the Bill”), which was introduced into Parliament on 8 December 2015 aims, among others, to extend the ambit of the Act beyond the traditional employer and employee relationship and to grant an employee who makes a protected disclosure immunity from criminal and civil liability.

1.2 The proposed amendment of section 1 of the Act aims to bring about an extension of the ambit of the Act. The ambit of the Act is determined in terms of the definition of “employee” which essentially restricts the application of the Act to the traditional employer and employee relationship. Independent contractors are expressly excluded from the provisions of the Act. Since there is a notable increase in the use of part-time and temporary workers coupled with the trend of outsourcing, the restricted definition of “employee” excludes a growing number of people from the ambit of the Act. The aforementioned category includes independent contractors, persons employed by temporary employment services and former employees.

1.3 The proposed new sections 3A and 3B aim to introduce joint liability and a duty to inform employees who make disclosures whether such disclosures will be investigated or not. As far as joint liability is concerned the introduction of the definition of “worker” gives rise to the situation that a worker who is rendering services to a client will have two ‘employers’. This will mean that if a protected disclosure is made by a worker who is employed by an agency to either the agency or to the institution where he or she works and the entity to which the disclosure has been made meets the disclosure with an occupational detriment, the worker will be entitled to the remedies provided in terms of the Act.

1.4 A number of employees who make protected disclosures experience difficulties where they, in the absence of an obligation to give feedback or to be notified, are not notified of a decision not to investigate the disclosure or of a decision to refer the matter to another body to investigate, or the outcome of an investigation. The proposed new section 3B aims to give effect to the aforementioned.

1.5.1 The restrictive nature of the remedies currently provided for in terms of section 4 will also, in view of the proposed extension of the ambit of the Act, receive attention. The section 4 remedies, read with the Labour Relations Act, 1995 (Act No. 66 of 1995), are limited to “employees” in the strict sense and do not cater for independent contractors, consultants and agents. The proposed amendment of section 4 therefore aims to ensure that workers (independent contractors, consultants and agents) will also be enabled to exercise certain remedies if they are subjected to occupational detriment as a result of having made protected disclosures.

1.5.2 The proposed new section 4(1B), for example, will make it clear that a court may order an employer to pay compensation or actual damages to an employee or worker and further provides that a court may issue an order directing an employer to take steps to remedy the occupational detriment.

1.6 Clause 10 of the Bill aims to introduce a new section 9A in the Act which deals with the exclusion of civil and criminal liability. Since the Act does not protect persons from criminal or civil liability, it is argued that the introduction of such protection would help achieve one of the aims of the Act, namely, to facilitate and encourage disclosures. It should be noted that the new provision does not introduce blanket immunity. The need to protect certain information either in the national interest of the country or in the interest of the livelihood of an employer militates against granting blanket immunity from liability for disclosures relating to all improprieties provided for in the Act. Exposing an employer to such a risk would only be justified where the content of the disclosure is sufficiently serious, namely, where the disclosure relates to the commission of an offence. Immunity from civil and criminal liability will, in terms of the proposed new section 9A, not be automatic but will be granted subject to the discretion of the court in which an action is brought.

In recognition of Government’s initiatives to protect whistle blowers, the Office of the Chief Justice (OCJ) has adopted a Whistleblowing Policy (the Policy) that complies with the provisions of the Protected Disclosures Act, 2000 (Act No. 26 of 2000).

This Policy has been widely distributed to all officials in the OCJ and is also available on the departmental intranet. It is aimed at, amongst others, encouraging employees to report and blow the whistle on fraud and corruption by following the established channels; and also enjoins OCJ officials with the responsibility to disclose any matters that are related to fraud and corruption in the workplace. Additionally, the Policy provides that the OCJ is committed to take all necessary steps to ensure that OCJ employees who disclosed fraud and corruption allegations are protected from any reprisals or fear of suffering any occupational related detriment as a result of such disclosure.

OCJ employees may report anonymously any allegation of fraud and corruption to any member of the management of the OCJ, the Fraud Auditing Unit, the Audit and Risk Committee or to the National Anti-Corruption Hotline 0800 701 701 managed by the Public Service Commission. All reported fraud and corruption cases are recorded in the OCJ Fraud Register which is monitored by the Audit and Risk Committee and may, following an investigation, be escalated either to the OCJ’s corporate services branch, the South African Police Services or other relevant law enforcement agencies.

                                                                                                                             

Reply:

(1)	(a)	The land on which SAFCOL operates is owned by the state, through the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF). SAFCOL, through its subsidiary, Komatiland Forests operates on a land area covering 187 320 ha of which 121 000 ha is planted.
	(b)	61% of 187 320 ha is under claim. This works out to roughly 114 265 ha.
(2)	(a)
		Limpopo Mpumalanga KwaZulu Natal Total No. of claims 14 17 1 32 Research 1 13 0 14 Gazette/Negotiation 13 4 1 18 Settled 3 0 0 3 Transferred 0 0 0 0
	(b)	Claimants Province / Municipality Affected Plantation/ Hectares Status of the claim Ludlambedlwini Community MP – Gert Sibande (GS) Jessievale (still to confirm) Further research, claimant verification. Enikwakuyengwa Tribal Authority MP Redhill (2751 ha) Currently being researched Esandleni Community MP Redhill (14 472 ha) Requires further research Dladla Community MP Robernia (900.53) Further research Enkhaba Community MP Redhill (933.18) Negotiations stage Makhubu Family MP Blairmore (256.95) Negotiations Dladla Community MP Robernia (2320) Research is being conducted. Dladla & Thanjekwayo Communities (2 KRP) MP Robernia (5168) These are competing claims (Claims are being researched) Claimants Province / Municipality Affected Plantation/ Hectares Status of the claim Dladla & Thanjekwayo Community MP Robernia (1997.49) Competing claims, research is being conducted. Dladla Community MP Robernia (1419) Research being conducted Dladla Community MP Robernia (2482ha) Research being conducted Kaapschehoop Community MP Berlin (to be confirmed) Negotiations Mawulu Community MP Berlin (to be confirmed) Partially settled PDT & Mapulana Tribe MP (Ehlanzeni Municipality) Bergvliet (4621 ha) Research Pilgrims Rest Dev Trust & Mapulana Tribe MP Blyde (6600 ha) Research PDT & Marole Communities MP Frankford (4322 ha) Research Morgenzon Community MP Morgenzon (5356 ha) Research Mnisi Clan/Umjindi Community/Hlatshwayo MP Nelshoogte (9716) Research Witklip Community MP Witklip (2311 ha) Gazetted Sgudla Family MP Zwartfontein (to be confirmed) Research Tshakhuma Phase 1 Limpopo Entabeni (516 34 & 553 56)) Settled Ravele Phase 1 Limpopo Entabeni (502 93 & 5553.56) Settled Ravele Phase 2 Limpopo Entabeni (3876.94) Negotiation Ratombo Phase 1 Limpopo Entabeni (271.84) Settled Makgoba Limpopo Woodbush (to be confirmed) Research Tshakhuma Phase 2 Limpopo Entabeni (3876 ha) Gazetted Vuvha Limpopo Entabeni (3876) Gazetted Maguada Limpopo Entabeni (3876) Gazetted Lwamondo Limpopo Entabeni (3876) Gazetted Vhutshavhelo Limpopo Entabeni (3876) Gazetted Claimants Province / Municipality Affected Plantation/ Hectares Status of the claim Shanzha Limpopo Entabeni (3876) Gazetted Songozwi Limpopo Hanglip (693.18 & 130.21) Near approval by RLCC Matidza Limpopo Hangklip (1851) Valuation stage Vondo Limpopo Entabeni (1326) Gazetted, referred to Court. Tshiheni Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Mukumbani Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Tshidzhivhe Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Fondwe Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Murangoni Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Khalavha Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Vondo la Thavha Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court. Lutanze Limpopo Entabeni (tbc) Gazetted, referred to Court.
	(c)	as per the table in 2(b) above.
	(d)	as per the table in 2(b) above.
(3)	(a)	The Shannon properties, totaling 12 503 9657ha has been transferred to Kalanyandza Trust in Mpumalanga.
	(b)	The Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (DRDLR) is best positioned to answer this question, as they are managing the process.
(4)	The Department of Rural Development and Land Reform (DRDLR) is best positioned to answer this question, as they are managing the process.

Reply:

By using the names provided, the department could not trace any contracts awarded to the names mentioned.

Please take note that the information is insufficient as the Department requires either the ID number(s) of the individuals or the names of their companies.  It should however be noted that once the above information is provided, the Department will be able to reply to the enquiry.

Reply:

(1) (a) (i) (b) (c) (d) (i) (ii) and (2)

Only the Director General attended the budget speech on 24 February 2016. He was in Cape Town at the time of the event attending other Parliamentary meetings and therefore the department did not incur any additional cost in this regard.

Entities Response

1. (a) (ii) (iii) (iv) (c) (d) (i) (ii)

The CEO of the NEF attended the budget speech on 24 February 2016 at a total cost of R7419.44 which relates to her travel. No costs were incurred for car rental and accommodation. No other entity attended the budget speech.

2. In her capacity as the CEO, Ms Mthethwa always looks for opportunities where she can efficiently and effectively engage with NEF stakeholders. The stature of the budget speech event is such that it brings various strategic stakeholders together in a central place. She therefore used the opportunity to engage with key stakeholders on the sides of the event, for the benefit of the implementation of the mandate of the NEF.

Reply:

a) The National Rail Safety Strategy will be finalised during the 2016/17 financial year.

b) The Strategy will be tabled in Cabinet by March 2017.

Reply:

(a) (b)From analysis of road crashes over the years and law enforcement operations it has become clear that certain offences are committed repeatedly and consequences are strong enough in deterring road traffic offenders from engaging in dangerous behaviour.

Reply:

Information on exports of gold is classified and, as such is not reported on in terms of the South African Revenue Services (SARS) values and quantities, consequently it is also not reflected in the dti trade database. The South African Reserve Bank (SARB) though does track information on gold, however it only measures change in ownership and not the physical movement of goods across borders, as general SARS reporting does. We have requested data from these authorities responsible for the management of data on exports of gold, namely, the South African Revenue Services, as well as the South African Reserve Bank in order to compile a response to these questions. We request two weeks extension for submission of response to these questions.

Reply:

 

a) Reasons for the dedication of existing car traffic lanes for the BRT system are best addressed under the NLTA, no. 9 of 2009 wherein public transport systems are to be promoted over car based transport systems in urban areas. This is also a well recognised approach internationally under the sustainable transport agenda where the most optimum use of road space is gained through the promotion and development of public transport systems.

The City of Tshwane IRPTN (Integrated Rapid Public Transport Network) Strategy also adopts this policy position. The policy is however also reflective of the need to provide sufficient capacity on its road network for all users and in this regard even where a lane of traffic is dedicated to public transport the junction capacities along a particular corridor are protected in so far as is possible.

b) (i) & (ii)

In regard to the specific issues raised in the above question the City appointed a reputable consulting engineering company to undertake a TIA (traffic impact assessment) of the specific BRT project (Lynwood Road / Atterbury Road to Menlyn). The results of which confirm the adequacy of the surrounding road network to cater for the allocation of a general traffic lane to a BRT lane on Atterbury and Lynwood Roads. However, mitigation measures are also proposed to maintain junction capacities on these roads.

c) The allocation of existing car lanes to BRT reduces capital costs of the project, eliminates the need for extensive property expropriation, makes more efficient use of roadspace (as a general traffic lane will only carrying 1000-1500 passengers per hour whereas the BRT lane can carry up to 6000 passengers per hour) and most importantly promotes the use of public transport by existing car users.

d & e)

The report will be finalised by 12th March 2016 and will be processed by the Municipality, after which it will be realised to the public.

NW425E

Reply:

a) Geotechnical investigations will be conducted in the 2016/17 financial year due to the budget constraints that limit the widening of the road.

b) (i) (ii) The road is in a fair condition however the routine maintenance contractor will attend to routine road repairs by the second quarter of 2016/17 to ensure the road is trafficable.

Reply:

a) (i) On the 26 July 2012

(ii) Mafori Financing t/a Swifambo Rail Leasing

b) R3.5 Billion

c) The time lines were 42 months from the date of initial payment which was 31 March 2013

(i)(ii)(iii) The seller was to complete, adjust and test the locomotives, including all material and components used for the manufacturing of the locomotives, both abroad before shipping and within South Africa in strict adherence to the agreement and to ensure that each of the locomotives supplied shall be fully operational and ready for use by PRASA.

d) The locomotives were going to be used on the mainline long distance services, whereby the main hub is Johannesburg, hence locomotives would be allocated in Gauteng, Durban, East London and Cape Town.

Reply:

1. The department is not investigating any individuals or companies that are running public transport operations.

2. The department informs me that they are not aware of any intimidation in the transport sector, and has no details on this matter

Reply:

The legal basis, background and motivation for these payments are set out below:

a. Compensation payments to the taxi industry or any other public transport operator affected by the introduction of BRT Services, are based on provisions of Section 41(1)(a) of the National Land Transport Act 5 of 2009 (NLTA). Such compensation is for the loss of business rights when the affected operators’ services are terminated and replaced by the BRT systems. The implication of the current Compensation Agreement is that regardless how long the dispensation will last, it will not increase the eventual total agreed compensation cost. It is therefore merely a re-arrangement of the timing of compensation payments. The target date for the last Permanent Compensation Agreement is no later than the second quarter of 2016.

A Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) was signed with the Taxi Industry during May 2013. The MOA provided for a structured approach with regards to engagements with the affected taxi industry.

The negotiations were undertaken with the affected taxi operators per implementation phase, in conjuction with the broader taxi representative structures to ensure peaceful engagements and to avoid the emergence of splinter groups due to lack of proper information dissemination within a volumenous industry such as the taxi industry. This approach proved to be effective in that even those operators that are not affected became fully conversant with the implementation of the BRT within their area of operation.

b & c

The affected taxi operators were all identified on the proposed BRT line and are being engaged in line with each implementation phase as approved by Council. The City of Tshwane implemented their Phase 1A between the Pretoria CBD and Hatfield during November 2014 and identified 3 taxi associations operating along that route. Compensation negotiations were finalised and agreement was with affected operators from the 3 taxi associations. Negotiations have commenced with an additional 3 taxi associations affected by the planned implementation of Phase 2A. It is envisaged that agreements will be concluded with the affected taxi operators from the 3 associations.

d. An interim compensation package was agreed in November for Phase 1a to Hatfield. The compensation negotiation for Phase 2a to Wonderboom is currently underway and is expected to conclude before the end of March 2016

NW433E

Reply:

The table below provides the number of fatal crashes and fatalities with minibuses, per financial year, as received from the Road Traffic Management Corporation.

Period	Crashes	Fatalities
April 2014 - March 2015	425	590
April 2015 - Jan 2016	740	1024

The information above depicts that there were 425 fatal crashes with 590 fatalities during 2014/15 financial year. For financial year 2015/16 there were 740 fatal crashes involving minibuses with 1 024 fatalities.

Reply:

From 1 April 2015 to date, the Department used the Preferential Procurement Regulations 2011 for procuring goods, which does not make provision for set aside towards the targeted suppliers for procurement of goods, services and works. The Preferential Procurement Regulations 2011 makes provision for the award of the contract after technical evaluation (where required), price and BBBEE status and therefore procurement was not done in terms of the Small, Medium and Micro-sized Enterprises (SMMEs), co-operatives, as well as township and rural enterprises based on set aside provision.

 

Reply:

The legislation quoted speaks to the Road Safety Council and not to traffic calming measures. It must be noted that the latter can even cause more dangerous situations on urban and rural mobility roads as per Road Classification and Access Management Manual (TRH26). With regard to the bolt down type speed-bumps, the department cannot be seen as promoting individual products, but will set norms and specifications as per SABS.

Reply:

(a) What was the road safety strategy during the 2015/16 festive season

The objectives of the 2015 National Road Traffic Safety Festive Season Plan was to:

• Ensure high levels of visible traffic law enforcement on all major routes on a 24 hour 7 days basis;
• Maximize the impact of education and law enforcement operations by heightening the level of seamless operations;
• Sensitize road users about their road safety responsibility through communication and shock therapy techniques;
• Increse the presence of law enforcement officers on our roads through the deployment of high a level support team to the provinces;
• Provide on time auxiliary services to the deployed forces through the National Road Traffic Joint Operations Centre; and
• Deploy undercover anti-corruption officers to ensure ethical conduct by officers and road users.

The focus of the strategy was on the following areas -:

• Impaired Driving – Alcohol, Drug abuse, Fatigue
• Dangerous Driving - Excessive Speed, Dangerous Overtaking, All moving violations
• Occupants Safety - Front and Rear seatbelts, Child Restraints
• Public Transport - Passenger Transport, Freight Transport
• Vulnerable Road Users - Visibility, Drinking and Walking, Jay walking, Distracted Walking
• Vehicle Fitness - Road Blocks
• Road Traffic Information - Verified data

(b) (i) The targets are informed by the goals set out in United Nations Decade of Action for Road Safety which commits the country to reduce road crashes and fatalities by 50% from 2010 to 2020.

(ii) the processes included a comparison undertaken with previous year’s data, in terms of the reduction of road crashes and fatalities. Other traffic information included vehicle population, traffic volumes as well as the human population in the analysis.

(iii) To measure the success of the strategy, data is collated during the festive period. This information is analyzed to identify new trends and causes of crashes. A report is then produced with all the factors that contribute to fatalities over the period

(c) What was the outcome in each case?

A closer look at the road crashes and fatalities over the 2015/16 festive season depicted the following trends.

• Small motor vehicles accounted for 47.9% of total crashes during this season, followed by light delivery vehicles at 22.7%, minibuses or combis at 10.1% and trucks contributed 4.8%.
• The majority of people who died were passengers at 38.3%, followed by pedestrians at 34.9%. Drivers contributed 23.9% of the fatalities and cyclists 2.8%.
• The age group with the highest percentage fatalities in the categories: drivers, passengers and pedestrians is 25 to 39 years, accounting for about 47,9% drivers fatalities, 38.5% passengers fatalities and 34,3% pedestrians fatalities respectively. Children aged from 0 – 4 contributed 10.4% of pedestrian deaths.
• The gender mostly affected, was males with a contribution of 74.4% to total fatalities. Females represent 25.2% of the fatalities. Very disturbingly, of this number 81.4% is apportioned to Blacks while the rest represents Coloured, Whites, and Asians.
• The gender of 0.4% of the deceased was undetermined because they were burned beyond recognition.
• Most crashes occurred on Friday, Saturday and Sunday.
• The highest number of fatal crashes was recorded on Saturday at 22.2% of the total fatal crashes, followed by Friday and Sunday with 18.8% and 16.9% respectively.
• A new phenomenon was observed in the 2015/16 festive period where 51.4% crashes occurred between 14H00 and 23H00. This stark contrast to the norm might be attributed to the relentless and resilient implementation of the 24/7 law enforcement.

Key factors that contributed the most to the fatalities were jay-walking, speed that was too high for circumstances, overtaking in the face of oncoming traffic, hit and run accidents, driving under the influence of alcohol, tyre bursts, faulty brakes, and smooth tyres. Sharp bends, wet surfaces and poor visibility also played a significant role in the contributing factors.

Reply:

1.1 The Protected Disclosures Act, 2000 (“the Act”), aims to protect employees from being subjected to occupational detriment on account of having made protected disclosures. The Act also establishes procedures in terms of which employees may disclose information regarding workplace improprieties. The Protected Disclosures Amendment Bill, 2015 (“the Bill”), which was introduced into Parliament on 8 December 2015 aims, among others, to extend the ambit of the Act beyond the traditional employer and employee relationship and to grant an employee who makes a protected disclosure immunity from criminal and civil liability.

1.2 The proposed amendment of section 1 of the Act aims to bring about an extension of the ambit of the Act. The ambit of the Act is determined in terms of the definition of “employee” which essentially restricts the application of the Act to the traditional employer and employee relationship. Independent contractors are expressly excluded from the provisions of the Act. Since there is a notable increase in the use of part-time and temporary workers coupled with the trend of outsourcing, the restricted definition of “employee” excludes a growing number of people from the ambit of the Act. The aforementioned category includes independent contractors, persons employed by temporary employment services and former employees.

1.3 The proposed new sections 3A and 3B aim to introduce joint liability and a duty to inform employees who make disclosures whether such disclosures will be investigated or not. As far as joint liability is concerned the introduction of the definition of “worker” gives rise to the situation that a worker who is rendering services to a client will have two ‘employers’. This will mean that if a protected disclosure is made by a worker who is employed by an agency to either the agency or to the institution where he or she works and the entity to which the disclosure has been made meets the disclosure with an occupational detriment, the worker will be entitled to the remedies provided in terms of the Act.

1.4 A number of employees who make protected disclosures experience difficulties where they, in the absence of an obligation to give feedback or to be notified, are not notified of a decision not to investigate the disclosure or of a decision to refer the matter to another body to investigate, or the outcome of an investigation. The proposed new section 3B aims to give effect to the aforementioned.

1.5.1 The restrictive nature of the remedies currently provided for in terms of section 4 will also, in view of the proposed extension of the ambit of the Act, receive attention. The section 4 remedies, read with the Labour Relations Act, 1995 (Act No. 66 of 1995), are limited to “employees” in the strict sense and do not cater for independent contractors, consultants and agents. The proposed amendment of section 4 therefore aims to ensure that workers (independent contractors, consultants and agents) will also be enabled to exercise certain remedies if they are subjected to occupational detriment as a result of having made protected disclosures.

1.5.2 The proposed new section 4(1B), for example, will make it clear that a court may order an employer to pay compensation or actual damages to an employee or worker and further provides that a court may issue an order directing an employer to take steps to remedy the occupational detriment.

1.6 Clause 10 of the Bill aims to introduce a new section 9A in the Act which deals with the exclusion of civil and criminal liability. Since the Act does not protect persons from criminal or civil liability, it is argued that the introduction of such protection would help achieve one of the aims of the Act, namely, to facilitate and encourage disclosures. It should be noted that the new provision does not introduce blanket immunity. The need to protect certain information either in the national interest of the country or in the interest of the livelihood of an employer militates against granting blanket immunity from liability for disclosures relating to all improprieties provided for in the Act. Exposing an employer to such a risk would only be justified where the content of the disclosure is sufficiently serious, namely, where the disclosure relates to the commission of an offence. Immunity from civil and criminal liability will, in terms of the proposed new section 9A, not be automatic but will be granted subject to the discretion of the court in which an action is brought.

The Department of Correctional Services (DCS) has ensured that officials are informed of the protected ways of reporting corruption and fraud through workshops and displayed posters. The DCS Whistle-blowing Policy which is informed by the Protected Disclosure Act provides the whistle-blowers of the process to be followed when reporting, for example, the relevant telephone numbers are provided where one can report, and also one is at liberty to remain anonymous when reporting if she/he fears victimization.

A Departmental Investigation Unit (DIU) was established in terms of Section 95A of the Correctional Services Act, Act 111 of 1998, as amended by Act 25 of 2008.

                                                                                                                             

Reply:

The Presidency procured 44%, and the Department of Planning Monitoring and Evaluation procured 22.8% from SMMEs in the period in question.

Reply:

1. Expenditure by the department for advertising space in the New Age newspaper are as follows:

(a) 2012/13 financial year:

(i) 7 adverts

(ii) Total amount of R 393 922.30

(b) 2013/14 financial year:

(i) 3 adverts

(ii) Total amount of R 206 325.18

(c) 2014/15 financial year :

(i) 5 adverts

(ii) Total amount of R 378 511.92

Reply:

I wish to inform the Honourable Member that The Presidency and the Department of Planning Monitoring and Evaluation did not award contracts to companies owned by the mentioned persons in the financial years in questions.

Reply:

Minister Zokwana has a signed performance agreement that is translated into a Medium Term Strategic Framework for a 5years period. This is broken down into an annual performance plan.

These documents form the basis of the department being held accountable by Parliament on a quarterly basis and also held accountable by the public. The performance agreement of the Minister is therefore publicly assessed through the Portfolio Committees on a regular basis.

Additionally, the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) compels all the Executing Authorities to subject their departmental expenditure to the Auditor General. This again is a measure that ensure full accountability to the public funds.

Reply:

The Policy of set aside has not been implemented as yet by the National Treasury. Therefore, it is not possible to supply information with regards to (i) SMMEs and (ii) co-operatives from 1 April 2015 up to the latest specified date.

However, the Department does keep record of quotations awarded from R10 000 to R500 000 and bids awarded above R500 000 in terms of B-BBEE. Attached herewith is Annexure A with regards to bids awarded from 1 April 2015 to 31 December 2015 and Annexure B quotations awarded from 1 April 2015 to 31 December 2015.

Reply:

The Department of Small Business Development (DSBD) does not have any frozen posts on the current establishment.